Columns > Quartz Crystal > Low-CL resonators
Seiko Instruments is working towards building a new market. As part of these efforts, we have developed solutions for reducing the current consumed by 32 kHz crystal oscillation circuits to strengthen our collaboration with semiconductor manufacturers and contribute to greatly reducing the standby power consumed during standby operation.
We have targeted various markets for battery-driven electronic devices in particular, and our technological efforts (Low-CL resonator solutions) related to increasing the life and usage time of batteries, issues that will become increasingly important, are introduced below.
Low-CL resonators for super Low Power Microcontrollers
We believe that it is possible to contribute to increasing the usage time of batteries (to 10 years or more) by making the minimum goal for reducing the standby power consumed during standby operation by RTCs (real time clocks) that use tuning fork crystal resonators a current consumption of 0.1uA or less by the 32 kHz crystal oscillation circuit (standby current = 32 kHz oscillation + RTC + other components < 0.7 uA).
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If the amount of electricity Q that a battery can supply to an electronic circuit during its life is 200 mAh, in order to increase the battery life to 10 years or more, the product of the standby current consumed by the circuit and the average current consumed during operation must be less than 200 mAh/87,600 h = 2.3 uA.
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The Low-CL technology incorporates the use of a new oscillation theory based on linear algebra and geometry. Various theorems have been set forth and evaluated around the concept of "number."
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The power consumed by an electronic device is proportional to the product of the applied voltage and current flow for the device, and the amount of power is proportional to the product of the consumed power and how long power is consumed.
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Oscillation is the phenomenon whereby an electronic circuit (a crystal oscillator) causes vibration on itsown without receiving vibration energy from an external source and maintains that vibration.
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These examples must be read by users with the RL78/G13 Stick starter-kit users' manual and RL78/G13 Promotion board.The low-power-consumption operation (HALT, STOP, SNOOZE mode) demonstration lets us visualize actual current consumption. Microcontroller current consumption can be measured by connecting the ammeter to J3 on the board. RTC operates in STOP mode. The XT1 oscillations using the Low-CL resonator (SSP-T7-FL) can be reliably fed to the microcontroller, even as the CPU subsystem clock source in extra low-power oscillation mode (0.18μA).
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This column describes how we have made our oscillators more energy efficient in an easy to understand manner, based on a simple example of a typical circuit with low power specifications (an oscillator with a load capacitanceof 12.5 pF) that uses a 32.768 kHz tuning fork oscillator.
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- 0. Welcome to the Seiko Instruments Low-CL world! ( 11/05/2009 )
- 1. What is battery life? ( 11/05/2009 )
- 2. Introducing Low-CL Technology ( 08/22/2011 )
- 3. What is standby power? ( 09/02/2011 )
- 4. What is the source of oscillation? ( 09/09/2011 )
- 5. Standby current examples for RL78/G13 microcontrollers using Low-CL technology ( 09/15/2011 )
- 6. Technologies for reducing the power consumption of 32 kHz crystal oscillators ( 09/26/2011 )
Optimum resonators are:
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